Revitalising semi-rural historic commercial areas: Pedestrian-friendly and ecological principles in the Ürgüp Bazaar District, Turkey

Abstract

Historic commercial districts are vital components of urban identity and cultural continuity. Yet, many, including the Ürgüp Bazaar District, have experienced physical deterioration, spatial irregularity, and a loss of urban vibrancy. This study aims to develop a comprehensive Urban Design Guide for Ürgüp Bazaar District, grounded in pedestrian-friendly and ecological principles to address these challenges. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining literature review, field observations, PESTEL analysis, and a user survey involving 432 participants. Drawing from international revitalisation and transformation projects with similar historical and commercial characteristics, the study formulated context-specific strategies that prioritise walkability and green infrastructure.  Observations indicated that narrow, obstructed sidewalks, building façade inconsistencies, and vehicle dominance severely limited public space quality. The PESTEL analysis emphasised political conservation restrictions, environmental vulnerabilities, and technological inadequacies, while the surveys highlighted user dissatisfaction with functional organisation and a strong demand for ecological and pedestrian-oriented improvements. As a result, the findings revealed critical deficiencies such as traffic congestion, lack of green spaces, poor pedestrian infrastructure, insufficient public amenities, and weak integration of socio-cultural activities, in line with the findings obtained and the strategies formulated within the scope of similar projects, an Urban Design Guide was developed for the Ürgüp Bazaar District. The Urban Design Guide aims to restore the historical and environmental values of the Ürgüp Bazaar District and support sustainable urban living. The study tries to contribute to academic discussions by proposing an integrated, evidence-based framework for the revitalisation of small historic commercial areas, particularly in semi-rural urban contexts.